How Engineering Statistics is used in Medicine

Pharmaceutical manufacturing

\text{UCL} = \mu_0 + \frac{3\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}, \qquad \text{LCL} = \mu_0 - \frac{3\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}, \qquad \bar x_i \sim N\!\left(\mu, \frac{\sigma^2}{n}\right)

X̄ control charts

\text{UCL} = \mu_0 + \frac{3\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}, \qquad \text{LCL} = \mu_0 - \frac{3\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}, \qquad \bar x_i \sim N\!\left(\mu, \frac{\sigma^2}{n}\right)

X̄ control charts